As in all surgery, the risks are the same for placement above or beneath the muscle. These include infection rates, rupture rates, nipple sensitivity, capsular contracture, or implant displacement.
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Pros of placement above the muscle:
There is little implant movement during normal physical activity.
There is a bit less discomfort on initial implantation and less pain during the first 3-5 days following surgery.
Recovery time may be shorter, depending on incision location.
Cons of placement above the muscle:
The appearance is somewhat more artificial in patients who began with small breasts.
Mammography is slightly less accurate when implant is above the muscle as opposed to beneath it.
The capsular contracture rate is higher than with submuscular placement.
When exposed (bikini top or topless) there may be some visible implant movement during very strenuous activities (such as professional dancing or bodybuilding).
